Copper Bioavailability and Toxicity to Mytilus galloprovincialis in Shelter Island Yacht Basin, San Diego, CA - Sponsored Whitepaper

Leaching of copper (Cu) from antifouling coatings on boats and vessels is a known source of copper to coastal waters and estuaries. Near marinas and ship berths, antifoulant leaching may elevate [Cu] above background to levels where toxicity may be a concern. Toxicity, however, is driven by the bioavailability of Cu, which is not adequately predicted by total or dissolved [Cu]
Shelter Island Yacht Basin (SIYB) in the San Diego Bay, which harbors approximately 2300 recreational boats, shows consistent elevations in [Cu] and has been the subject of various toxicological studies (Neira et al. 2009, Rivera-Duarte et al. 2005). This study examined the biological effects and chemical activity of Cu in SIYB and whether or not the dissolved [Cu], the form of copper monitored for regulatory compliance, poses a threat to organisms inhabiting this area. The findings of this research are important for making environmental decisions about Cu regulation by predicting potential effects of Cu loading on biological communities.